Acne is one of the most common skin concerns, and it is not limited to the teenage years — many women and men continue to experience breakouts well into their twenties and beyond. The good news is that both acne and the marks it leaves behind respond very well to treatment. The key is an accurate diagnosis and a treatment plan matched to your skin type and the severity of your condition.
What causes acne?
Acne develops when pores become blocked with excess oil and dead skin cells, allowing bacteria to multiply and trigger inflammation. Several factors make it worse:
- Excess sebum production in oily skin.
- Hormonal changes (particularly before menstruation, or in certain medical conditions).
- Products that are unsuitable for your skin type or that clog pores.
- Stress, poor sleep and — for some people — diet.
Types of acne
Not all breakouts are the same, and treatment differs by type: blackheads and whiteheads, inflamed red papules, and deep cystic lesions that leave scars when squeezed or when treatment is delayed. This is why a dermatologist should assess your skin and identify the type, rather than relying on trial-and-error treatment.
Effective treatment options
Treatment is a complete plan rather than a single product. It may include topical medication, oral treatment under medical supervision where appropriate, and in-clinic cleansing and peeling sessions to improve skin texture. Post-acne marks and scars are addressed with techniques such as medical peels, mesotherapy and laser, depending on the type of scarring. Above all, treatment should be supervised by a consultant dermatologist so that results are both safe and lasting.
Daily habits that help
- Cleanse twice daily with a gentle cleanser suited to your skin type.
- Never squeeze or pick at spots — this is the leading cause of marks and scars.
- Wear sunscreen every day so that post-acne marks do not darken.
- Choose products labelled "non-comedogenic".